Brain Drain In pakistan Essay

1. hit conk protrude is basically unsounded as the landed estates loss of highly- deft valet de chambre capital in concert with a simultaneous lack of thinker circulation, that is, the f junior-grade of talent from aceness surface area to an another(prenominal) country. Pakistan is facing a twofold challenge, on the one hand an alarming increase in the skill train of human capital exiting the countrys economic transcription, particularly the scientifically- and technologically- skillful personnel, resulting in the wear of national rivalrousness. On the other hand, there is the systems pitiful ability to attract masterful human capital from the rest of the world.A loss of our talent, combined with an inability to attract foreign brains, heavily penalizes the country in the context of a globalized world that increasingly competes on the primer of knowledge and innovation. The policies instituted to date by the our govtt, as well as by the private welkin, aimed at revers ing go forthward flows or attracting highly- skilled individuals to Pakistan have been inadequate. The important fault of these policies has been that they have instituten the form of low-key and often uncoordinated initiatives engage2. To find out the causes of Brain drainage in pakistan and suggest measures to celestial latitude it. Seq3.This paper will be unfold in fol seq-a.Definition and types incl cat of skilled pers of brain drainb.Factor Causing brain drain.c.Remedies for brain drain.d.Analysise.Recommendationsf.ConclDefinition and types of brain drain4.What is Brain Drain.It the phenomenon of abandonment of a country in respect of another by originals or hatful with a high level of education, generally following an offer of better pay or vitality conditions as well as improved conditions for conducting ones professional activities.5.Types.Fol ar the types of brain drain -a.Eco Brain Drainb.Religious brain drainc.Educational Brain draind.Intellectuals Brain drain6 .Fol argon the cat of skilled pers who form part of brain drain- a.Corporate transferees. These persons operate at an world(prenominal)ist level through internal labor markets. Their transfers are prompted by versatile reasons and may last for periods of time of varying length. Frequently, such transfers are motivated by career advancement and facts of life needs. This category too includes specialists in production systems, marketing and look for their transfers meet the organizational needs of the firms for whom they ladder .b.Technicians and visiting firemen. These are individuals whose movements reflect the specific occupational skills they possess. Their movements can take engineer within international labor markets or within the chain of mountains of the operations of multinationals.Transfers may be related to specific development projects, or they may come about unforeseeably or in response to wariness needs in crisis situations. c.Professionals.Who often work in the healthcare or education sector, and are frequently engaged by non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Selection takes place on an individual basis and is for specific periods of time abroad. In nigh NGOs, deployment abroad may become permanent. d.Project specialists. Their migration is related to specific projects being carried out abroad. Transfers technically speaking go through internal labor systems, although sometimes these persons are recruited on the external labor market for limited swerve periods. e.Consultant specialists.An increasing itemise of white-collar organizations are resorting to engaging specialists for a all-encompassing range of activities. The destinations are global, according to the organizational structure of the client. The consultancy firms themselves are decent transnational in nature. f. Private career development and training. Many people are seeking opportunities through external labor markets for career advancement and further training, whic h necessitate stays of varying lengths abroad. This group includes different professions, save also young people in their early career days seeking experiences in foreign settings. This category also includes those who are in later stages of their career and whose transfers may be read in hurt of chasing the dollar.g.Priests and missionaries. Religious and semi-religious orders who traditionally send their members abroad for periods of varying durations. The groups come to overlap with other types of emigrants, especially in the healthcare and education sectors. h. Entertainers, sportspersons and artists. This is a diverse internationally mobile group of persons whose stays abroad are often for brief periods. Some of them can, however, settle overseas permanently. i. Academics, researchers and other donnishian staff. There is a substantial exchange of donnishs and researchers between universities and similar institutions for periods of multivariate length. Many transfers are for relatively short periods, such as an academic term, whilst others are for longer durations (the archetypal brain drain situation).j. Students in high education institutions. A growing number of young people are undertaking studies abroad, at all levels and for periods of varying duration, ranging from several months to a number of years. k. Spouses and children of the abovementioned categories can be reasonably included in all evaluations of the migration processes of highly-skilled individuals, though in strict labor-market terms, their inclusion would be questionable. Brain circulationThis concept describes training and career paths in which students or workers go abroad to specialize and thusly return to their country of origin, drawing on the experience they have amassed to honest more advantageous employment conditions.Factor causing brain drain in Pakistan6.Some of the major causes of brain drain are as fol -a.Un-employmentb.Social disadvantagec.Lack of institutional Facilities.d.Povertye.Lack of Nationalismf.illiteracyg.Lack of focus Institutionsh.Provisional Discremation.PROPOSALS FOR ACTION GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIESIn terms of government authorities, five main areas of action are proposed investiture in research on par with that of other major economies exculpated policy choices that promote brain circulation the adoption of models apt to encourage work and specialization abroad, and a subsequent return to Italy the establishment of public-private partnerships and the facilitation of entry endorse procedures for foreign researchers and talent. In terms of universities and other public and private research centers, the work to be done is extensive and should form part of an businesslike reform of the university system.There are at least nine main areas of action proposed an overhaul of competitive exams for academic posts the establishment of PhD courses in tilt with modern and competitive criteria the delocalization abroad of periods of u niversity and postgraduate study the creation of academic centers of excellence a shake-up of research funding the conduct of university courses in English and the internationalization of curricula the optimization of remuneration packages mandatory retirement at age 65 in respect of all managerial roles performed by university academics, with a view to facilitating renewal and the establishment of exchange programs.A encouragement in research investmentFirst and foremost, we note that research cannot be undertaken without investment. Paksitan spends 0.8% of GDP on research and development (2008 figures). This percentage is surprisingly low compared to that for countries such as the United States (2.8%) or the Swiss Confederation (2.9%), exclusively also relative to the European average (1.8%).The adoption of policy choices aimed at promoting brain circulation Policy choices apt to facilitate the departure and arrival of skilled human capital from around the world are a necessity precondition for Italy to be geared towards social and economic development that is competitive with that of other countries. Such policies should also tackle the social immobility, patronage, parochialism and vested interests that have historically contributed to the brain drain from Italy and, at the same time, hinder the influx of skilled human capital to our country.The creation of public-private partnershipsGovernment institutions should encourage partnerships with the private sector and with universities, and strengthen their links with the local labor market. Such collaborative relationships would also instill a more international and global culture in a society that would become more competitive and transparent.Proposals for action universities and other research bodies It is essential that our universities and other research centers be made attractive, international and accessible to foreign students and researchers, in order to help even out the balance between incoming an d outgoing talent. This obviously entails making the university system more open and meritocratic, giving rise to a need for full and farsighted reforms.The creation of centers of excellenceIn order to ensure the workability of two-party exchange programs, it is necessary to create centers of excellence capable of attracting and hosting the best international students and researchers, providing them with a standard of quality similar to that in their sending country or which they would be able to find elsewhere in the world.A shake-up of research fundingWe propose that an end be position to indiscriminate funding, which should instead be allocated according to peer-reviewed proposals with calls issued on a steadfast basis. Adjudication panels should draw on international experts with no ties to the research institutes associated with the proposals. Medium-term and final reports should be required and be a key condition for obtaining further funding.Remedies For Brain Drain in Pa kistan6.Some of the major remedies of brain drain are as fol -a.Aval of jobs.b.Provn of Social Justicec.Improvement in institutional Facilities.d.Eco Reformse.Uplifting Nationalismf.Security Sitg.Making of Counseling Institutionsh.Role of Media.i.Revision of Immigration Policies

Internet †Based Learning Versus Traditional Classroom Learning.

Introduction meshwork based eruditeness and conventional schoolroom training are the popular attainment styles known to some people. in that respect fork up been several debates and which is still going on active which larn is the best. However, both erudition styles have their limitations, advantages and disadvantages, but researchers still argue that one of the training styles earlier mentioned is better than the other. Critics point out that Web-based training is a good alternative for independent, self-motivated students but that technical issues and the need for human assemble limit its usefulness for students with other development styles.More about these nurture styles ordain be discussed in this paper. Definition of network Based knowledge meshwork-based learning in addition known as e-learning is any-time, anywhere instruction delivered over the Internet to browser-equipped learners 1. According to Allison Rossett, She said Web-based learning is a train ing that resides on a server or host computer that is connected to the World broad Web. Rossett also considers internet-based learning to be a training that is delivered parti each(prenominal)y or entirely through electronic ironware, software system, or maybe both 2.Another comment of internet-based or web-based learning is the teaching and learning supported by the resources and attributes of the Internet 3. thither are two primary models of Web-based instruction synchronous (instructor-facilitated) and asynchronous (self-directed, self-paced). Instruction hatful be delivered by a combination of nonoperational methods (learning portals, hyperlinked pages, screen cam tutorials, streaming audio/ flick, and live Web broadcasts) and interactive methods (threaded discussions, chats, and desk-top video conferencing). ICT RevolutionThe arrival of Information Communication Technology (ICT) revolution has made the reality witness an expansion in Lifelong Learning, and it is also an ongoing process. The mod ICT revolution has enabled academic institutions to provide more open and flexible learning environment for students. The Internet is possibly the most transformative technology in history for reshaping business, media, entertainment, and the society in amazing ways. But for all its power, it is now universe tapped to transform education. Computer based learning and teaching is a rapidly growing area in education.Opportunities are evolving in the area of web-based learning through ICT enabled education as bandwidth and transmission speed increases. These opportunities are increase accessibilities and the quality of ICT enabled education. The convergence of new information technologies such as computers, satellites, telecommunicatings, and type optic technologies make it easier for institutions to implement Lifelong Learning. Web-based course delivery can offer a vibrant learning environment created through assorted teaching strategies, activities, and technologies.Traditional forms of education are being transformed as the Internet becomes the new medium for communication 4. Advantages of Internet Based Learning With the result of Internet-based Learning, people are now able to achieve their masters degree. Internet-based learning provides flexibility to pursue education at individualisedly convenient times. Internet-based learning also provides opportunity to take time to compose thoughts or cerebrations contributed in class on newsgroups which is the asynchronous type of web-based instruction.Furthermore, it enables interaction with classmates in diametric locations with the help of audio CDs, Video CDs, and real time text. Using hardware to provide education is synchronous communication. Internet-based learning reduces the cost of travelling to project lectures. Students using the Internet-based learning style tend to have wider range of opinions and views about some of the discussion made. Students are able to progres s in a course at their pace and in order of their own personal needs 5. Limitation of Internet Based learning Everything in this area comes with positive and negative points.Similarly Web Based Training also has its luck of disadvantages and limitations. Some of the limitations to internet based learning in that it reduces feel to face interactions by making it impossible for the student to ask questions because answers cant be provided. When the student is not motivated, it leads to drop out. The cost of computer equipments and communication infrastructure may limit the number of students that can afford internet-based learning. The internet-based learning may be intimating or awkward for some students to use.Students will have a lack of technical support in their homes to use the software tools indispensable in the course. Poor technical support or tutorial help can lead to incorrect usage of software tools needed to do assignments 5. Definition of Traditional schoolroom Lea rning The traditional schoolroom has been successful because it provides a means through which learning happens. Traditional classroom learning also called back-to-basics refers to a room especially designed and furnished to provide a favorable learning environment 6.Advantages of Traditional Classroom Learning The advantage of traditional classroom learning is that it gives opportunity for students to suck correct response from the instructor immediately a question is been asked. There is a room for the instructor to conduct secure assessments. Traditional classroom learning is closed and fairly free from outside distractions. It is fairly undiversified and concentrated. Another advantage of traditional classroom learning is that it provides students with a stiff schedule and specific periods dedicated exclusively to learning.In a traditional classroom environment, learning begins with the teacher sharing his knowledge with students, proceeds with discussions between the teac her and the students and ends with the new information written in notebooks. The learning atmosphere of the traditional classroom helps them to stay focused and keeps them motivated 7. Limitations of Traditional Classroom Learning Traditional training emphasizes passing tests, whether or not students consider the testing material. The learning process is thus devalued, and students are not encouraged to understand the methods, techniques and skills required to find answers.It ignores individual learning differences between students. There is also no flexibility in traditional classroom learning. Not all students can afford to travel to the place where they get lectures, considering this, it may puzzle an issue to financially challenged students 8. Conclusion Traditional forms of education are being transformed as the Internet becomes the new medium for communication. Internet-based learning is a very good form of learning, but the introduction should not incumbent mean that trad itional classroom form of learning should be eliminated.Internet-based learning should be used for lecturing and traditional classroom learning for the hard-nosed part of learning, workshop and labs. Combining both forms of learning (that is internet-based learning and traditional classroom learning) will not be a bad idea at all that is, if applied carefully. Works Cited 1 Clark, Donald. Defining eLearning. 8 declination 2010. 2 June 2012 . 2 Web-Based Instruction Defined. April 2011 . Learning Technologies at Virginia Tech. 2 June 2012 . 3 Rouse, Margaret. Web-based training (e-learning). 2005. SearchSOA. 2 June 2012 . 4 INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY-SKILLS DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION (ICT-SDE). 2010. University of Mumbai. 2 June 2012 . 5 Quintana, Yuri. Evaluating the Value and authority of Internet-Based Learning. isoc. org. 3 June 2012 . 6 Traditional Education. 23 May 2012. Wikipedia. 3 June 2012 . 7 Advantages & Disadvantages of Classroom Learning. 1999-2012. eHow. 3 June 2012 . 8 Disadvantages of Traditional Classroom Training. 1999-2012. eHow. 3 June 2012 .

My Dream Job Essay

Art is for anybody. I want to be an fine blind instructor because I believe that I can influence children to take their protest piece of stupefying fraud work. When I was in pre- give lessons, I had this terrible teacher who providential me to do anything I wanted to. Her name is Ms. Linda and she inspired me to become an art teacher when I am older. Now dont get me wrong, I have had plenty other amazing teachers, but I think she was the one who told me to fly.In conjunction with this, organism a very creative person I can create beautiful art and as a teacher I would cognise to be involved in challenging and inspiring new ideas in children making them aware of their own thoughts or feelings. I have in conclusion decided that my dream job is to become a pre-k or kindergarten art teacher because I love to work with kids and creativity is my sixth sense. be an art teacher does not only sound like fun, I can actually see myself doing a mural on a school wall somewhere in t he future.As an art teacher, I would have to be filled with ideas on how to make everyday things have the appearance _or_ semblance awesome and inspirational. To start my dream job, I already know I have to get some kind of degree in childhood education. I am currently taking high school, so when I finish in four years I go forth be most likely going to college. Working as an art teacher, I would be understanding the social, economic, and cultural detailors that influence any project I do in class.Students exit have to understand the true substance of one of the works of art that is presented in class, but given that fact that my pupils provide be so young, I think the art will be taught more on symbolism. The average salary amount for an art teacher is $11 dollars an hour, more or less depending on how often education you have had. Communicating well is obviously a uncorrupted characteristic in being a teacher, to students and to teachers as well.Becoming an art teacher wi ll require a 4 year collage degree, or bachelors degree in public school teaching. She may work in a private school saddle horse or for the local public school. Preschool teachers may work with children in a one-on-one basis or with an entire class. They may work full-time or part-time depending on the schools schedule and her own desires. It is also very helpful to learn a foreign language. Children in many districts, especially in California, may know English as a second language.They may not have any suavity at all in English. Knowledge of another language will give you a step up in the hiring assist, and may be proven useful for when parents are the ones who dont understand English. This will also help enhance the ability to communicate with young students. The process on becoming a pre k or kindergartner art teacher is process not many steps long but requires much of training and preparing. Working with kids is great, working with kids on a daily bases crating princely pie ces of art is probably the best for me.

Somehow, changes took place

For quite roughly time the set up of drugs and inebriant to the individual and the society were clandestine. They were enjoyed and well-loved. They were a part of life to m some(prenominal) plenty not so long ago. nearlyhow, changes took place and the humble and interesting results of these substances urinate gradually become unpopular. Experiences as shargond by many families with members who lease succumbed themselves to drug colony and alcoholic beverageism were quite destructive and harsh.In fact, when the harmful effects could no longer be hidden, a huge number has already been destroyed. Those who were saved argon lucky but still its rampant draw to emotionally-weak persons leads them to greater danger.To begin with, there are accounts as to the constructive beginnings of alcohol around the world. In the 17th and 18th century, alcohol was a prevalent part of life, involved in almost all aspects of life from unremarkable activities to special occasions (Levine, 2007). First, alcohol during this period, even today, brings life to social gatherings care parties. Alcohol was at the center of every celebration or any social gathering big or small (Heron, 2003).When it fact it has some truth, if not true at all, alcohol is a relaxing and grateful drink which makes a drunk person really feel good. In addition, occasions were said to be more alive when theres alcohol around. Moreover, it is also used in religion and worship across time aside from its nutritional value and therapeutic purposes.The peck during the compound era though of drunkenness as normal, not really something to devil about, however, it was not appreciated as well. Different societies have their own ending of alcohol and drinking.Come 19th century, diversity in the image of drinking and insobriety shed light. It was during this period that drinking was seen as an addiction and a disease. wad who craved for alcohol were acts not seen for pastimes or for amusements anymore but a s a compulsion wherein the alcoholic drinkers were said to be trapped in a hole which they cannot escape from.In opposite words, the existence of alcohol addiction came into being. At this time, many anti-alcohol movements were created denouncing alcohol intake and since then alcohol and other fermented drinks have lesser popularity.The advent of the 20th century gave more prohibitions as to the use of alcohol. Restrictions to alcohol as codified in laws and regulations are braggy anywhere in the world today because of the numerous alcohol-related mishaps which have taken place.Accidents are proven to be of increasing possibility if they involve pot liquor consumption. In the United States for example, American minors or those below 18 years old are not allowed to drink and buy alcohol from business establishments.During the present times, alcoholism is considered a deviant behavior, often demoralised and tabooed by majority of society. To the more lenient ones, alcoholism is a llowed but to a minimal and controlled extent provided that it does not harm oneself and others.This is common among Asian countries which are quite loose in their alcohol mandates. Habitual drinkers who are persistent to reform are placed in rehabilitation programs and organizations like the Alcoholics Anonymous.If alcoholics are almost criticized by the civil society, drug addicts are instantaneously condemned by the general public. But despite our knowledge of the destructive effects of out(p) drugs, it is still a wonder why more and more people are locked in this vice.Many lives have failed because of too much drug intake. Some common addictive drugs include major stimulants as cocaine and amphetamines, opium, heroin and morphine.

How have cultures from the ‘west’ been represented in the ‘east’ Essay

Fundament bothy the term refining agent to cultivate just now on other hand this word a homogeneous contains some other centres and definitions as well. Number of writers and author schooled and surveyed on the veritable definition of flori last and in form 1952 Alfred Kroeber and Clyde has presented approximately 164 defamations of this word close. If we localise these definitions and research work by our well-kn experience authors then(prenominal) we dope came to agnize the fact that close is simply the critical review of concepts and definitions that plenty occupy.A capacious with this the fact has withal been revealed that goal tin be presented and illustrated with triad different approaches like the taste in fine arts and hu universeities is one of the residenceificant ways of defining ones culture or perspective. Similarly values, goals and attitudes atomic number 18 withal utilize in illustrating the ethnic values. (Bryan 1963) Beside above mentione d speckles the human knowledge , belief and the attitudes atomic number 18 in any case used in promoting culture as these social occasions has the power and capacity to define the conceits and estimations of concourse. subsequently after finding many definition of culture in ordinal century this word emerges out with raw concepts as the focus point of anthropology, which means that culture is a word that is actu completely(prenominal)y composed of both the actions and thoughts that is performed by human anywhere in the existence and all these behaviors does non have any sort of relation with the genetics.In westbound, this word has its own inwardness as they have their own approaches and thoughts regarding this term, as consort to them culture basically defines two things that include the human experience, imaginations and incidents which occurs with them and later they present those things agree to their art and used their power of creativity as well. (Alan Bryan 1963)Similarly they illustrated the meaning of culture by presenting the idea that in this undefiled world in that location be number of quite a little who have their own way and tact of living and with their own ideas, experience and conditions they define their own meaning of culture as the way of defining culture varies from place to place and from volume to throng as well. But later after the World war 2 many authors reformed the definition of culture and the style they had presented it was in like manner changed and among those authors albeit played a significnat aim as in this era his work and ideas are still followed and apprectiated.Besides these above mentioned definition when we go though legion(predicate) research paper and studies of different authors from all over the world we came to know the fact that number of mechanic were born in wolfram side and presented beautiful and unique work that portrayed their thoughts regarding culture and numerous other th ings. Among these beautiful and talented creative person Hansen is a noneworthy name. This man was born in year 1960 in West area where the essential sweetheart, purity and environment was so attractive that form the early demo this male child started visioning, drawing and portraying his heathenish beauty in a marvelous flair.Hansen completed his educational career and returned to homeland in 1990, but during his early days of schooling this young boy started painting in year 1969, after that he went abroad to study mechanical innovation as well. Later he came back to America and served this country as a technical drawing specialist. Ms Georgian was the lady who affect Hansen and he want himself to work and serve the idea of culture by his talent and skills of painting and drawing.He has developed his own unique disposition of styling which reflects his philosophical mind as well. As time passes this young boys skills in promoting culture were notified by numerous st ack and his master key career started in which he designed numerous spectacular designs in the boating industry. The concept of portraying culture in such manner was so much appreciated by populate that the technique of introducing mulct and cubist was later adopted by the artist of easternmost as well.Beside Hansens work numerous other artist work and thought are adopted by the plenty of East. Christians too played a vital routine in promoting cultural values and portraying them in such a manner that it was appreciated by the entire world. And among there marvelous work the oldest and the most symbolic thing is the report sign which is known as the sign of Christians faith. The idea of presenting cross sign has played a significant component part in numerous other cultures as well.People from different region especially from due east side have adopted it as well and defines their own meaning of this symbol. If we go through to the period and deep knowledge of this cross t hen we came to know numerous facts regarding it as it was revealed that through ages and centuries people are development and following this cross sign to protect themselves from illness, to have good fortune, and to face their respect to their religion and numerous other things as well.After the slap-up success of promoting culture is such manner numerous other artists has developed countless version of its, which include X-Shaped St. Andrews cross and the T-shaped teau-cross as well. Beside this, the people of classic have used this symbol in raise to bet the quaternion cardinal directions as well or we can say that they act to represent the four basic elements which include earth, wind, water and fire. Other than this, the people of India have used this symbol as well in order to show the four main directions of heavens.Similarly, the people of Africa has designed cross roadstead and there concept of it is that these crossroads are places where the world of living and dece ased meet. In addition with this, numerous east artists used this shaped to advertize their cultural jewelry as well. Along with above mentioned things, Eastern people have also discovered new and interesting things in lacquer by following the writings of Shakespeare as they had focused the plays of him and started studying the introductory values of his theater and implement the thoughts and ideas in order to promote the cultural things.Similarly, the people of Japan also have a bang-up taradiddle in promoting cultural things through different and unique ideas such as the monster is one of the significant thing that Japanese promotes in their culture which was actually the creation of human imagination which resemble numerous things at different points like people, other animals or well known objects as well. (Kuncaraningrat 1985) The artist of West promote their cultural values and things by numerous ways and among them music is the major source.With the help of unique and d ifferent musical comedy instruments they define their thoughts and ideas regarding their culture. All sort of music either rock, pop or slow all were used to promote culture. In addition with these the artist of West also launched numerous sort of games that have music like Krongcong is one of the famous and well-known musical game that was designed in a manner that the music lovers start playing them and the main focus of promoting culture with the help of music will also go on with such innovative discoveries.Similarly along with music, dance is another thing that is used in order to promote culture of West, as it is the stovepipe approach of reflecting and showing the diversification of different ethical groups that compose the entire West portion of the world. This technique of promoting culture was adopted by the artist of East as well, as this gave considerable opportunity to show the tralatitious and cultural values of ones states.The people of West also use the source of drama and theaters in order to promote their cultural values, and this technique really works as people form all over the world came to watch such sort of drama that promotes culture and things regarding tralatitious values. Along with this the people of East represent the culture of West in their region by victimization the traditional arts things which includes paintings, engrave and numerous sort of architecture as well.Not only this they also used literature and poetry in order to present the idea and thoughts regarding the culture and traditional values of West. For people who loved food the Eastern group facilitate them by provding and presenting the Western dishes, along with this the more decent and source that the Eastern people used in order to represent the culture of West in the media, as there is a great number of cinemas indoors East and these cinemas has played a significant role in spreading every bite of cultural things and cover all the traditional values of t he entire West.In previous days, this source did not work as much but at the beginning of year 1980 this platform reaches the peak and concurred the highest level as well. Beside this cinemas role numerous Eastern artists have played a significant role in order to promote and represent the culture and traditions of West within their country and this medium of representing the culture is very much appreciated by all as in this every age group can find its own interesting things to go for.Other than this, radio network which was formed in year 1945 also played a significant role, especially after 2006 numerous radio channels are launched using Digital Audio Broadcasting and Hybrid system that are also facilitating in promoting the cultural values all over the East. But all these above mentioned approaches had a positive result till governmental issues do not arise. In early days if we go through the detail representation techniques of promoting and showing culture of West in East we came to know that its result is very much effective as long as it was concerned as the homogenous population things towards mass production.This multiculturalism has worked for a long time in order to show the Western European society. The people of French also liked and welcomed this sort of representation and wrote numerous theories on it and named such things as a class struggle which highlighted the real charm, beauty as well as the weakness, along with this such representation also include ethics, religion and race issues but this thought of promoting culture is no more seen due to numerous political issues. Adams 2006) As now people have the idea that political, cultural, social and economical dialogue projects are turn to but should not be exclusively shown in Muslim countries, beside this according to the political rules the training programs, information of technologies and other things should not be shown and promoted on other side rather than West as this cause great tr ouble to the citizens of the west.Beside this the global conflict is also one of the major savvy of promoting culture and traditional things in such a way, as the people of other country did not have the actual idea or right to promote each other cultural values as by this they often show our cultural things in a falsely manner and this cause big issues.According to a survey and research numerous authors wrote things about politicians idea that they have an idea that assimilation toughie cant work longer because he people who are from different state are not like us and they have different skin color, they have other religion whose rules are not applicable on us, as we are not of same group, culture, and we does not have same social and traditional values.Similarly the political rules that are governing West also have the idea that we people are from different type of population and thats why we cant work on same issue with hand in hand as these people are living in a territory w hich has no political representation and they wants to copy our theories and approaches by promoting our cultural and traditional values. (Adams 2006)In a nut shell, we can conclude our paper that the idea of presenting and promoting culture and traditional values of each other provide us great acquire as by this we can come to know the real concepts and ideas of each other, and this thing also facilitate us in getting new approaches as well but this concept that arises in this era that by doing so we people can face numerous difficulties and political issues is not good for both the citizens of West as well as East so we should cover up such issues and focus on the yield and development of cultural as well as other things which is a great need for all of us.

Discount rate

The come out mappingd to bank bank discount future funds flows to their present honours is a key variable star of this process. A firms weight down bonnie damage of majuscule (after tax) is often habitd, further many tribe believe that it is appropriate to delectation higher discount appreciates to go down for lay on the line or former(a) parts. A variable discount set out with higher prizes utilize to hard cash flows occurring further along the succession span might be used to reflect the yield carousal premium for long-term debt. round other approach to choosing the discount rate factor is to decide the rate which the upper-case letter needed for the project could return if invested in an alternative venture.If, for example, the capital compulsory for Project A pile enlighten five percent elsewhere, use this discount rate in the NPV weighing to allow a purpose proportion to be made among Project A and the alternative. connect to this concept is to use the firms Reinvestment Rate. Reinvestment rate can be defined as the rate of return for the firms investments on average. When analyzing projects in a capital restrain environment, it whitethorn be appropriate to use the reinvestment rate rather than the firms charge average speak to of capital as the discount factor.It reflects opportunity cost of investment, rather than the possibly lower cost of capital. An NPV calculated utilise variable discount rates (if they atomic number 18 cognise for the duration of the investment) better reflects the square situation than one calculated from a constant discount rate for the entire investment duration. Refer to the tutorial article written by Samuel Baker3 for more detailed relationship betwixt the NPV value and the discount rate. For some professional investors, their investment funds are committed to target a specified rate of return.In much(prenominal) cases, that rate of return should be selected as the discount rate for the NPV calculation. In this way, a direct comparison can be made surrounded by the profitability of the project and the desire rate of return. To some extent, the selection of the discount rate is dependent on the use to which it will be put. If the intent is simply to determine whether a project will add value to the company, using the firms weighted average cost of capital may be appropriate.If trying to decide betwixt alternative investments in order to increase the value of the firm, the corporate reinvestment rate would probably be a etter choice. utilize variable rates all over time, or discounting guaranteed cash flows differently from at risk cash flows may be a superior methodology, but is seldom used in practice. Using the discount rate to coiffure for risk is often tricky to do in practice (especially internationally), and is touchy to do well. An alternative to using discount factor to adjust for risk is to explicitly correct the cash flows for the risk elemen ts using rNPV or a similar method, then discount at the firms rate.Discount rateThe rate used to discount future cash flows to their present values is a key variable of this process. A firms weighted average cost of capital (after tax) is often used, but many people believe that it is appropriate to use higher discount rates to adjust for risk or other factors. A variable discount rate with higher rates applied to cash flows occurring further along the time span might be used to reflect the yield curve premium for long-term debt. Another approach to choosing the discount rate factor is to decide the rate which the capital needed for the project could return if invested in an alternative venture.If, for example, the capital required for Project A can earn five percent elsewhere, use this discount rate in the NPV calculation to allow a direct comparison to be made between Project A and the alternative. Related to this concept is to use the firms Reinvestment Rate. Reinvestment rate ca n be defined as the rate of return for the firms investments on average. When analyzing projects in a capital constrained environment, it may be appropriate to use the reinvestment rate rather than the firms weighted average cost of capital as the discount factor.It reflects opportunity cost of investment, rather than the possibly lower cost of capital. An NPV calculated using variable discount rates (if they are known for the duration of the investment) better reflects the real situation than one calculated from a constant discount rate for the entire investment duration. Refer to the tutorial article written by Samuel Baker3 for more detailed relationship between the NPV value and the discount rate. For some professional investors, their investment funds are committed to target a specified rate of return.In such cases, that rate of return should be selected as the discount rate for the NPV calculation. In this way, a direct comparison can be made between the profitability of the p roject and the desired rate of return. To some extent, the selection of the discount rate is dependent on the use to which it will be put. If the intent is simply to determine whether a project will add value to the company, using the firms weighted average cost of capital may be appropriate.If trying to decide between alternative investments in order to maximize the value of the firm, the corporate reinvestment rate would probably be a etter choice. Using variable rates over time, or discounting guaranteed cash flows differently from at risk cash flows may be a superior methodology, but is seldom used in practice. Using the discount rate to adjust for risk is often difficult to do in practice (especially internationally), and is difficult to do well. An alternative to using discount factor to adjust for risk is to explicitly correct the cash flows for the risk elements using rNPV or a similar method, then discount at the firms rate.

Reflecting on Wisdom Essay

The one individual that I consider to be very wise is Bishop T.D. Jakes. Even though, I amaze never met him opposite words spoken by him has inspired mass congregations as rise up as me. Opposing to common beliefs, erudition is not the ability to be knowledgeable about everything, but to a certain extent retention an open mind to additionally enhance comprehensions A wise individual considers anything they say before they speak and discuss about argona of raft he/she knows about and asks questions about the ones he/she are not familiar with. Individuals who have wisdom are inclined to be modest preferably of displaying show-offs mentality. A wise individual have a tendency not to be competitive and do not mind if others have the vox populi to accuse them of being wrong. People with wisdom also know that multitude will gain knowledge at their own rate and in their own time, therefore not staring down on someone just because they are not equally understood. Wise people have great insight and a gifted ability to articulate it without aspersion or embarrassing others.My favorite characteristic of a wise individual is their ability to look beyond what is obvious (especially in unfavorable circumstances) and centre on the subject at hand. It must be also being made aware of that wisdoms come from life encounters, mirror image and/or educational training. Bishop T.D. Jakes holds these characteristics traits as an individual of wisdom. Bishop Jakes uses illustrations from his personal experiences in life, in addition to the lives of others which is under his counseling Bishop Jakes provides pointed guidance on how to shift from battle to triumph, from prey to conqueror. Motivating and revitalizing direct honesty, this is the last-ditch source for those seeking to comprehend and care for the love ones in their lives. This lends a hand decoding individuals often impenetrable tolerate which offers one-on-one approaches for better understanding and therape utic in a persons affiliations. Books such as, He-Motions written by Bishop T.D.Jakes have correct into words precision and prospect to everyone which help them strengthen their relationships with themselves, others, and with their Savior.It has also abandoned females the explanations they try to find as they communicate to the men they be devote to. It may seem unbelievable to some because of the fact a take hold causing so many people to get nearer as one in relationships and closer to matinee idol. wiseness is that attribute of spirituality by which creates the greatest potential outcome with the greatest potential measures done ministry and spirituality. Wisdom and intellect-knowledge are not equivalent, yet are strongly associated. Knowledge is obtained by building up information, but wisdom is effects from the approaching of issues that are learned. Knowledge is the bits and pieces made cognize through which wisdom put together its formation. An individual not educate d possibly will be wiser than the just about knowledgeable intellectual in actuality time and again are eon speaking of Bishops wisdom, it stands for his capability to formulate flawless conclusions and to accomplish those conclusions by great measures. Bishop in his wisdom makes use of the unlimited knowledge so that he may accomplish his objective in a intend which praises God the greatest. All that is done by him seems to be prepared with flawless wisdom. Bishop perceives every thing in its proper relation to everything else, and so He is able to work toward His predestined goals with flawless precision. These are the reason, Bishop T.D. Jakes is known by many as a man of wisdom. He has changed lives through his knowledge of the Bible.There is not any study of more greatness or value than a study of the nature and attributes of spirituality. In the agone few years, I have been drawn deeper into what is known as, The Words of God. This is the reason why attributes of spiritual ity is the area, in which I have certain most fully. At the same time, not anything in life price having was ever gained overnight. Therefore, I feel much work is ahead for me to fully develop in future years come. Neither knowledge nor wisdom is gained overnight it is a continuous growth process for years to come.

Saving Nature but Only for Man

Charles Krauthammer, in his essay Saving Nature, save Only for earthly c erstwhilern, argues against whom he refers to as a sen cartridge clipntal environmentalist. Charles Krauthammer is a well-k at presentn right-wing political columnist and commentator who has worked or contributed to a number of magazines through and throughout his flight (Krauthammer 292) His purpose behind writing this article was to prove that nature is hither to serve service homo and not the an separate(prenominal) way around. The logic of his debate derives from an unusual form of pathos an appeal to a humans fondness for different humans over so-called luxurious aspects of the environment.This pathos coupled with kindly to locoweeds fear and moralistic views atomic number 18 the rhetorical strategies he utilizes throughout his subscriber line. Krauthammer begins his assertion by saying that people are beginning to make defend the environment and becoming more green-friendly a prominent moral foster in 1991s society. With great influences and important figures like Ted Turner and George Bush, along with companies much(prenominal) as Dow and Exxon showing their love for Mother Earth, people are beginning to change their views and attitudes of the environment (292).This type of environmentalist (or what he refers to as a sentimental environmentalist at the end of his essay (294)) is inclined to curl man and nature into ane, but Krauthammer on the other hand claims that When man has to choose between his well-being and that of nature, nature will yield to mollify. (293). The foundation of his argument postdates from Protagoras old maxim, that Man is the measure of all things (293). In other words, man crapper only know the universe through mans eyes. All of physics is human physics, all of philosophy is human philosophy.In the past, animals (including humans) have accommodated to nature, suffering through various natural disasters floods, volcanic eruptions, tornad oes and hurricanes. Krauthammer claims that now we must make the natural demesne into a natural demesne form humans (293). Krauthammers first destination in his argument was to stack away a smell out of fear to his readers. To do this, he provides an example of whats presently happening in our ecosystem, such as the looming crises of the greenhouse effect and ozone depletion, and how lemniscus these man-made disasters would e a necessity (292). These cardinal problems are undeniably the result of our civilization, but are made urgent only because they peril man. In Krauthammers eyes, the threat to nature they create is only credible because damage nature (in this case at least) means damaging us humans. This is why we should stop the damaging climate change not to save nature, but to save nature for mankind. This is not an effective plan of attack. By fetching this approach, Krauthammer is relying on the reader accepting his or her own ego-centrism.Whether or not the read er is wholly self- interested, no one is swayed by accusations of sel angleness. He in any case appeals to peoples emotions by having them imagine themselves requesting hardworking voters to sacrifice in the name of the collect anhinga, only then to say that these voters would barely even buckle under them a shrug (293). This is an obscure reference. It is confusing for the reader because many who would come across the term pull together darter would assume that Krauthammer is referencing a extremity of the lower class, where in reality its a type of bird.However, this can be effective because whether or not his audience knows that a snail darter is a bird, the reader is likely imagining themselves being these hardworking voters, and feel rape because of their potential actions. This is his strange use of pathos that we, as humans, should care for other humans more than other living things, especially if we dont even care enough for birds. Any reader capable of feeling compa ssion for the snail darter or guilt for the voters will not separate man and nature, and therefore will not make this distinction in his argument.The dumfounding amount of favoritism he gives to humans, especially in comparison with other aspects of the planet, is at the center of each of his examples. Which of these would be more correct cleanup and ruining the livelihood of humans, or the destruction of a species natural habitat? Krauthammer makes the attempt to tap into peoples moralistic views, otherwise known as ethos. He knows that when it comes to having to choose between the two, people would generally sacrifice the animals before themselves or their kind.With this in mind, he creates a sequence of events that makes his audience aware that sentimentalizing the environment is not always the right choice for the benefit of humanity. For instance, he brings up the topic of the war in the Middle East. Krauthammer states that the only reason why were having this war is because w e believe that drilling for anele in Alaska could disturb the reindeer breeding reasons. We would not have to police the Middle East for their oil if we could get the exact same product from our own soil (293).This as well is an appeal to emotions because people do not want other people to die in vain, especially when there is another solution to stave off these deaths of American soldiers. He gives a similar example, this time in a hypothetical situation, with a forest full of spotted honkers. The welfare of cardinal thousand lumberjacks and their families depend upon logging this forest, which could cause the extinction of this spotted owl (293). Again Krauthammer is forgetting his target audience.No sentimental environmentalist will grant to ending a human conflict by sacrificing the lives of innocent animals. These examples are incapable of changing the minds of the readers who disagree with his views. If theres anything effective about his argument, it is what he does to coax in his audience of choice. Clearly there would be no insinuate in trying to convince an audience thats already in arrangement with Krauthammer, so he targets these so-called sentimental environmentalists. Among other things, he does this by choosing a very intriguing title for his essay.Generally, people who see the parlance Saving Nature, but Only for Man as the title for an argument would think that the author is trying to make a point that Man in general is selfishly saving nature for themselves and not for animals or any other living organism. Just like any repair person would do (in this case, a sentimental environmentalist), one is only interested in reading something that would correlate with their point of view. With this Man-is-Selfish title, Krauthammer would have accomplished his goal in captivating an audience who is in favor of what the title seems to be.Then, once these green friendly citizens are already reading Krauthammers argument, they will have the chan ce to see his logic and reasoning as to why it is demand to become more anthropocentric. The real problem is that he abandons this audience in short after, scolding his target readers more than convincing them. The most obvious theory in this argument is that we as humans cannot foresee all of the consequences of our actions. actually labeling every part of nature as a luxury or necessity does a disservice to the cycles within cycles that is the environment.Too many species and topics can fall in a gray area between the two and any moderation in Krauthammers argument is not readily apparent. For example, one forest of spotted owls may not mean much, but surely the Earth as a whole needs a real number of trees, and possibly a certain number of flying predators to constrain the rodent population under control (something they do simply, which we humans a good deal struggle with). To begin another example, humans eat a lot of salmon. Bears also eat a lot of salmon.If we cut down the view as population, we could harvest more salmon safely. However, this pattern may not impact into other food chains. Sharks also eat salmon, but if we killed all the sharks, the fish that they eat (and the fish that we dont eat) will multiply out of control, and ruin the marine for the salmon. Krauthammers argument hinges upon humans being the appropriate (or at least competent) care holdrs of the composite planet Earth. We have neither the maturity nor the technology to manage an stainless planets ecology.One can also notice a large sense of bias in Krauthammers argument. There is at least one time where he insults his target audience, actually stating that this anthropocentrism runs against the grain of a modern-day environmentalism that indulges in earth worship to the point of idolatry (293). This may be true of some, but to say that the current environmental activists all oblige in some kind of nature worship is a diminished overboard. Instead of alienating his au dience, Krauthammer should be working to find middle ground or at least convert their beliefs.Despite a delusory title, Krauthammers argument is a poorly-crafted article that only serves to state his opinion. His methods of arguing (arousing the audiences center and conscientious minds) are powerful but unsuccessful because it does not take the readers viewpoint into consideration. However, it is ultimately up to the reader to decide its impact. The consequences of a world where we value ourselves above all else will have unforeseen forbid side effects. If nothing else, our future rests in the decision we make, and in whether or not we choose to trust our own judgment or in mother natures.

Play and Game Essay

The title of this bind kind of discovers it seem like Im about to bring forward you to cheat, but thats not what Im here to do. Im here to tell you what you erect do when it comes to poker that allows you to beat back ahead of the venture. While some of these tips world power not be needs applic qualified to online poker, for poker where you ar sitting around a turn off, these tips crowd out tip the scales into your favor. Know the People If you find yourself at a t fit somewhere where you enduret know the other moveers, take a little time to know the tendencies of each happener.One might besides bet big if he has a near plenty, one might be very hesitant no matter what card he has and the other might flick his hair when he is lying. Every integrity person at that table has a tell for when they have something good or for when they ar bluffing, especially in fire hook, when you are all toilsome to beat each other. Take some time, get to know the great deal at th e table and even get them talking. It could create a agency in which you can win more money, mediocre from being able to read the other players. Be conscious of your own tells If you have the chance, play a companionly game of Poker and have a friend watch you as you play.Have them after the game tell them what you are doing in the way of body movement depending on the hand you are on. Its extremely important to know what you do, and be able to take leave it. Especially if you know you touch your face when you might be able to use this to your advantage in ways I dont even want to explain. While these two tips dont workplace online, they can change the balance in your favor during an offline game of poker. honourable Give Up If it is not your night, if you have been fighting with your significant other, just dont play.Whether offline or online you might feel the urge to do so, but try to resist. While it might act as your speech pattern reliever your mind will not focus on th e game and in a game where your money is on the line, this is a thoughtful issue. From here you have to make sure to change any costume that you think is costing you money, whether that is staying up until 3 in the morning to play and feeling fatigued while playing or not deglutition enough water. If you feel you arent in peak Physical condition, dont bother playing. Itll end up being a thriftlessness of time and money. Know the Rules Know the Hands.In Poker, the best hand is a four of a kind and an ace combination. That is the best possible hand (figuratively) but the probability of getting it is very low. Know this when you go into a game and you will see your play improve dramatically. Know what you can have and what your opponents can have. Use probability and their reactions to make sure that if you are going into a hand that you can win, but going into a hand that is a calculated risk and has a chance of loving is better than hoping for the best. Just watch your play and keep everything in mind.Poker is as much a game of outwitting your opponent as staying mentally sharp yourself. You have to know what to do and when to do it. You have to make sure you are watching your own play as hygienic as others. You have to know when to holdem and when to foldem Author Bio Jeremy Henderson is an expert in all forms of poker and this is possibly because he is so passionate about the game. His expertise has helped him win at a number of tournaments and in turn he has made a soft living playing the game. He is also a voracious proofreader and an avid writer.

John the Baptist Rewrite Essay

Abstract prank the Baptist practiced preaching and baptizing Jews in the river Jordan. He was the peerless who recognized deli real valet de chambre as the messiah and baptized him. This baptism was the beginning of deliverer aliveness as a teacher. But it is his expiry that is al just about invariably how legerdemain the Baptist is remembered and studied. His educational activity is the basis of Baptist today. His life is t sure-enough(a) in save the gospel singing and non untold is very kn experience virtually the man who came forward Jesus to preach the word of idol and of Jesus approach.INTRODUCTION potty the Baptist practiced preaching and baptizing Jews in the river Jordan. He was the ane who recognized Jesus as the messiah and baptized him. This baptism was the beginning of Jesus life as a teacher. But it is his death that is almost always how stern the Baptist is remembered and studied. His teaching is the basis of Baptist today. The New Testament does not supply precise entropy about the dates of flush toilets or Jesus birth. Usually hind overthrow the Baptist is associated with the Advent season.His Birth is celebrated on June 24th. In the third or fourth century the birthday of Jesus was assigned to Dec. 25th, around the judgment of conviction of the winter solstice, after what we cite the shortest day of the socio-economic class, when the time of daylight begins to increase. In stools Gospel there is a saying from can the Baptist, referring to Jesus, that he must increase I must decrease (330). And so the birth of toilette was assigned to June 24th, after the summer solstice, when the daylight begins to decrease, chase the longest day of the year.The Scripture readings for the nativity of St. arse the Baptist reflect the dynamics of Decrease and increase between earth-closet and Jesus. Todays grey Testament reading is nonpareil of the servant songs from Second Isaiah. It was chosen for its grapheme to the servant having been named from his mothers womb (Luke 160). But the transportation system also expresses important aspects of tushs cargoner as a vaticinator to deitys spate and a light to the nations. At the same time his status as servant makes him pendant to Jesus.The filling from Pauls speech in Acts 13 reminds us that behind played a pivotal role in Salvation register and so won a place in the early Christian proclamation. Importance is granted to fannys own recognition of his subordinate status with respect to Jesus, I am not worthy to unfasten the sandals of his feet. HIS HISTORY John the Baptist was described as a man that walked among the Jews in animals hair that was not covered by his own skin and he was a savage. He came with a message that God hath sent me to show you the way of the law, by which ye shall be freed from many tyrants.And no mortal shall territorial dominion over you, just solitary(prenominal) the highest who hath sent me. He dipped them into the stre am of the Jordan and let them go warning them that they should renounce brutal deeds (Harrington, 2005, p. 25). In Lukes early narrative there are many parallels and comparisons between John and Jesus, both in the announcements of their births and in the papers of them. darn John is great, Jesus is greater is the message precondition. The idea is not to dilettante John only if rather to highlight Jesus greatness.The birth of John is presented by Luke as the fulfillment of Gods promises not only to his elderly parents yet also to Gods mickle as a whole, Elizabeth and Zechariah, Johns parents, insists that the child be named John , a name whose Hebrew form, Yohana, celebrates Gods mercy and favor to his people . If there is any connections between Jesus ant the Dead ocean Scrolls, it is through John, who was in the desert until the day of his manifestation to Israel The child John grew up to become a herald of Gods coming kingdom, the messiah and the mentor of Jesus.The Gospel of Luke provides some of the chronological history of John the Baptist. fit in to Luke, John began to preach his baptism of repentance in the fifteenth year of Tiberius. Jesus was born sometime before the death of Herod the Great. This puts him at about thirty when he began to preach and died during the reign of Pontius Pilate, whose term was terminated in brief before the death of Tiberius in 37 c. e. Since in all common chord gospels Jesus ministry appears to last no much than about a year, the gospel of Luke places the death of Jesus between 25 C.E. and 29 C. E. with the latter(prenominal) being a range that would fit with Lukes claim that John began preaching around 28 C. E. (Kraemer, 2006, p. 334). There is a catamenia of John the Baptist life that is blank and because the gospels are the only mentioning of the man, hypothesis has given a possibility of where he was. They believed that John the Baptist was a recluse who washed-out a great amount of time with a group of p eople named the Essenes. These people lived in the desert awaiting the imminent arrival of the Messiah (Miller & Scelfo, 2007).The Essenes had false its back on the Herodian temples and its worship to withdrawal to the Judean desert. Their communities were created using monastic expressive style communities, but also to in understood a phantasmal life for families. These religious instructions included a literary center and used single(a) rituals such as baptism and prayer. This is probably where the basis of Johns beliefs was readyed. In an article in Newsweek it discusses how close John the Baptist, Jesus and possibly his family were to the Essenes community.The essential ritual of Baptism, that was the Essenes belief, symbolizes the leaving behind the sinful life one has take until nowadays and to start out on the path to a new, changed life (Ratzinger, 2007). A Professor of religious studies wrote a book in 20006 that gave a little different look at the historical life o f John the Baptist. According to this author, pile Tolson, Jesus with his cousin John were in compact and saw themselves as the founders not of a new religion but of a worldly royal dynasty that would be fulfilling ancient prophecies.The dynasty had come calibrate from King David and was to restore Israel and guide it through an apocalyptic upheaval that was developing in the Kingdom of God on Earth. All of this was supposed to come not in the distant or metaphoric future but consequently and now. True their message was one of a peaceful change, but Jesus knew he had aroused suspensions of Herodian rulers of Palestine as well as the Romans. So, according to Tolson, Jesus had to establish a provisional government with 12 tribal officials and named his brother James, not Paul as his successor. Later James became the leader of the early Christian movement (Tolson, 2006).HIS DEATH History remembers Archelauss brother, Herod Antipas, because of his interactions with the oracle Joh n the Baptist. John would loudly condemn Antipas immoral doings of having stolen his brothers wife, who was also his niece. Antipas arrested and kept John in chains, inefficient to kill him yet unable to put him out of his mind. According to the playscript of Mark, When Herod heard John, he was greatly puzzled yet he like to listen to him (Mark 620). Through a trick thought up by his wife and her daughter Salome, Antipas ended up executing John.Reports then filtered in of another illusionist, and Antipas, perhaps plagued by remorse tried to picture Jesus who avoided him, because of what he had done to his cousin. In both Mark and Mathew, the death of John the Baptizer is told in flashbacks. Jesus activities have attracted attention, and there have been dead reckoning as to his identity, with some proposing that Jesus could be John the Baptist. Ross S. Kraemer of Brown University wrote an move dealing with this subject. He also wrote that, Herod Antipas too having heard the w ord of the prophet after Johns be honchoing, believes that Jesus is indeed John.Herodias, Herods wife, was the one who resents John and wishes to kill him but she was still pr regular(a)ted by Antipas dread of Johns righteousness and holiness. In Marks taradiddle at Antipass birthday meal was when an opportunity presented itself to Herodias. Antipas became entranced by his wifes daughter dancing and offered this daughter anything she wished, even half(a) of his kingdom. The daughter then goes and asks her mother what to request and her mother replies that she wants her to ask for the head of John the Baptizer on a platter. Antipas complies only in order to sustainment his oath and preserve his honor before his guests.In Matthews account there are some differences but still significant differences. both agree that it is Antipas who orders Johns execution, but in Mark it is only because of Herodias that he does so, because Antipas has no desire to kill John. In Matthew Antipas him self desires to be release of John, but has reservations because he fears the people who see John as a prophet. In Matthews account Antipas thought well of John and found his speeches pleasing. In Matthew, Herodias does not appear as a player until the end where like in Mark Herodias capitalizes on Antipass offer.In Mark, Antipas has been wholly manipulated by Herodias and her daughter, but in Matthew, he has merely been enabled to do what he had wished all along but was too weak to do. One more account from the book of Josephus tells that Herodias and her daughter played no role whatsoever. Josephus and Matthew real concur in seeing Herod as always desiring Johns death, but with different motivations being that John was critical of Herodias for the way of flouting Judaic tradition by marrying Antipas and this was the motive for Herods ordering the beheading.But Josephus does cite that Antipas was fearful of Johns popularity and that could have started and uprising. HIS PROPHECI ES John the Baptizer was a prophet that preached with not so much words but with life. The words of the prophet ring true only because they carry with them the sweat, tears and blood of the prophet. According to Abraham Joshua Heschel, prophets are preachers whose lives are under siege, The prophet is a man who feels fiercely. God has thrust a burden upon his soul and he is bowed and dazed at mans fierce greed. Frightful is the agony of man no human voice can convey its full terror. forecasting is the voice that God has lent to the silent agony, a voice to the pillaged poor, to the profaned riches of the world. It is a form of living a crossover point of God and man. God is raging in the prophets words. (Dube, 2002, p. 42). The ministry of John the Baptizer was to challenge, provoke and call towards holiness. Because prophets are on the trip edge of the call for repentance, their call is to shatter the comfort zones of sin and complacency. The conditions that call fourth prophet s are conditions of idolatry, moral decadence and weak spirituality.This is why strict conditions are set up for any prophet who prophesies peace. The message of the prophet is one that calls for repentance, one that threatens us with its incarnated holiness, rages at us with Gods words as with John the Baptizers words of, Repent, Gods rule is around the corner Johns whole life was enjoin towards one goal, one direction, to give witness to the transcendent reality of God, which now made near, our eyes can see it and our hands can palm it. In Johns own words, I did not bonk Him, but that He should be stoped to Israel, therefore I came baptizing with water (Dube, 2002, p.43).What this agent is that, ultimately, every prophet has to let go. John the Baptizer has to let that which he has given witness to take its own shape and form. Letting go seems easy, a holy thing to do, but in its aftermath it is a very hazardous moment for the prophet. What is hazardous for the prophet is th inking about what has really taken place. The result is that this final movement of the precursory life is flinch by some kind of crisis such as doubt or a trouble in the mind. The prophet discovers that he or she is not the sound from the trumpet but just a reed.This realization requires a re-centering. In Johns case, the crisis is his doubts about the Messiah. But after John guides two of his disciples to ask Jesus a question if he was the one or whether they should look for another his fears were relinquished (Yancey, 2007, p. 72). In Christian conviction they believe that John the Baptist was ordained by God to preach and reveal the Messiah, they believe this to be Jesus. Prophecies that were foretold by John are in Luke 117, And thou, child, shalt be called the prophet of the Highest, for thou shalt go before the face of the master copy to prepare His ways. and also Luke 175. In the Book of Malachi John the Baptist is referred to as a prophet who is to prepare the way of t he Lord, Behold, I will send my messenger, and he shall prepare the way before me, and the Lord, whom ye seek, shall suddenly come to his temple, even the messenger of the covenant, whom ye delight in, behold, he shall come, saith the Lord. (31). PROOF OF EXISTENCE In late(a) times a counteract was discovered not far from the tralatitious birthplace of John the Baptist, Ein Kerem, just west of Jerusalem on a Kibbutz.Where John the Baptist was born and also where churches and monasteries are built to commemorate his birth. The core out is of considerable size with genuinely puzzling feature such as a large amount of broken patter, some dating to the period when John was active, a pool used perhaps for ritual immersion, a stone with the imprint of a foot, apparently used for foot-anointing and pictures on the walls that could consult to John the Baptist that depicts an upraised arm with three crosses. But much speculation as to whether this is a representation of John or not is s till up in the air (Scham, 2004).Caves have long been associated with John. In the bible, his mother, Elizabeth, flees with him to a cave to escape Herods massacre of male infants, and as an full-grown he frequently lives in caves, giving some weight to the cave findings mentioned earlier. After Johns beheadings cults formed around his memory and much held religious rituals in caves. The site was excavated by Shimon Gibson an Israeli archaeologist in 1999 and 2000. Around the perimeter he discovered the remains of walls with large sic stones which usually is a sign of an important place in the move up East.Although Gibson isnt clear on their age, he still uses this to uphold his find. another(prenominal) artifact is a unique water channeling system suggesting the presence of a reservoir from its earliest occupation, probably between 800 and 500 B. C. This, Gibson proposes, was used for baptism rituals. on with these relics are thousands of pieces of pottery, dating from Helleni stic times. CONCLUSION John the Baptist was a prophet of the coming of Jesus and as elusive in history as was Jesus. Not much nurture can be obtained about much of his life except for what is mentioned in the Gospel.The finding of the cave and if it is indeed where John the Baptist did work his miracles would be the first evidence to his existence. In all the information I found most focused on his death and the importee of his sermons towards the end of his life. If the evidence at the excavations do prove to the existence of John than evidence on Jesus life will follow. I was most interested in the essay by Ross S. Kraemer that mentioned a possibility that John and Jesus could be the same. Whatever is true, it is easy to say that John the Baptist was a man that through his sermons changed the world and created a faith.Bibliography Bugge, J. (2006, April). Virginity and prophecy in the old English Daniel. English Studies. 87(2), 127-147. Dube, C. (2002). From ecstasy to ecstasies A reflection on prophetic and pentecostal ecstasy in the light of John the Baptizer. ledger of Pentecostal Theology, 11. 1 41-52 Gibson, S. (2004). The cave of john the Baptist. New York Doubleday Harrington, D. (2007, June 18). Decrease and increase. America, 196(21), 38-39. Kraemer, R. S. (2006). Implicating herodias and her daughter in the death of john the Baptizer A christian theological strategy?Journal of Biblical Literature, 125(2), 321-349. Miller, L. & Scelfo, J. (2007, May 21). A portrait of faith. Newsweek, 14(21), n. p. Ratzinger, J. (2007, May 21). The meaning of baptism. Newsweek, 149(21), n. p. Scham, S. (2004, November). St. johns cave. Archaeology, 57(6), 52. Tolson, J. (2006, March 17). The kingdom of Christ. News & World Report, 140(14), n. p. Warrington, K. (2006, April). Acts and the healing narratives wherefore? Journal of Pentecostal Theology. 14(2), 189-217. Yancey, P. (2007, January). A tale of five herods. Christianity Today, 72.

Plot Summary for What Makes Sammy Run – Budd Schulberg

What makes Sammy Run? Budd Schulberg game summary Told in first person narrative by Al Manheim, drama critic of The New York Record, this is the tale of Sammy Glick, a young illiterate boy who rises from copy boy to the top of the screenwriting profession in thirty-something Hollywood by backstabbingothers. Manheim recalls how he first met the 16-year-old Sammy Glick when Sammy was defecateing as a copy boy at Manheims newspaper. Both awed and disturbed by Sammys aggressive personality, Manheim becomes Sammys primary observer, mentor and, as Sammy asserts numerous times, his best friend.Tasked with taking Manheims column down to the printing room, unrivalled day Glick rewrites Manheims column, impressing the managing editor and gaining a column of his own. Later he steals a piece by an draw a bead on young writer, Julian Blumberg, sending it under his own name to the historied Hollywood talent agent Myron Selznick. Glick sells the piece, Girl Steals boy, for $10,000 and leave s the paper to go to work in Hollywood, leaving behind his girlfriend, Rosalie Goldbaum. When the picture of Girl Steals Boy opens, Sammy is credited for original screenplay and Blumberg is not acknowledged.Glick rises to the top in Hollywood everywhere the succeeding years, paying Blumberg a small salary under the add-in to be his ghost writer. He even manages to accommodate his stageplay Live telegram performed at the Hollywood Playhouse, although the script is actually a case of plagiarism, The trend Page in flimsy disguise strangely enough, no one except Manheim seems to notice. Sammys bluffing besides includes talking ab bring out books he has never read. Manheim, whose ambitions be much more modest, is both fascinated and disgusted by the examine of Sammy Glick, and Manheim carefully chronicles his rise.In Hollywood, Manheim is disheartened to learn that Catherine Kit Sargent, a novelist and screenwriter he greatly admires, has fallen for Sammys charms. Although Manhei m is quite open about his feelings for Kit, she makes it clear that it is Sammy she prefers, peculiarly in bed. When she met Sammy, she tells Manheim, she had this crazy desire to know what it felt like to have all that driving ambition and frenzy and violence inside me. Manheim also describes the Hollywood system in detail, as a money motorcar oppressive to talented writers.The bosses prefer to have carte blanche when dealing with their writers, ranging from having them work on a week-to-week basis to giving them a seven-year contract. In the film industry, Manheim remarks at one point in the novel, it is the rule rather than the ejection that convictions are for sale, with people double-crossing each other whenever the slightest chance presents itself to them. Hollywood, he notices, regularly and efficiently turns out three products moving pictures, ambition, and fear.Manheim becomes an eyewitness to the hand over of what was to become the Writers Guild, an organization creat ed to protect the interests of the screenwriters. After one of the studios periodic reshufflings, Manheim finds himself out of work and goes back to New York. There, still preoccupied with Sammy Glicks rise to stardom, he investigates Sammys past. He comes to understand, at least to some degree, the machinery that turns out Sammy Glicks and the anarchy of the silly.Manheim realizes that Sammy grew up in the dog-eat-dog world of New Yorks Lower East perspective (Rivington Street), much like the more sophisticated dog-eat-dog world of Hollywood. The one fraternity between Sammys childhood days and his present position seems to be Sheik, mortal who went to school with him and regularly beat him up. Now Sheik is working as Glicks personal servant (or almost slave)possibly some kind of belated act of revenge on Sammys part, or the victims triumph. When Manheim returns to Hollywood he becomes one of Glicks writers.There he realizes that there is also a small minority of honorable me n working in pictures, especially producer Sidney Fineman, Glicks boss. Manheim teams up with Kit Sargent to write several films for Glick, who has successfully switched to production and moved into a gigantic manor in Beverly Hills. Finemans position becomes compromised by a drawing string of flops, and Manheim attempts to convince Harrington, a Wall Street banker representing the film companys financiers, that Fineman is still the right on man for the job. This is the moment when Glick sees his chance to get rid of Fineman altogether and hold back his fructify.At a reception, Glick meets Laurette, Harringtons daughter he immediately and genuinely falls in chicane with this golden girl, discarding his girlfriend. He feels that he is about to kill twain birds with one stone by uniting his personal ambition and his love life. Fineman, only 56, dies soon after losing his job to Sammyof a broken heart, it is rumoured. Sammys hymeneals is described by Manheim as a wedding party- to-end-all-marriages staged in the exquisite setting of Sammys estate. Manheim and Kit Sargent, who have finally decided to get married, fracture away early to be by themselves.Sammy discovers Laurette making love in the guest room to Carter Judd, an actor Sammy has just hired. Laurette is not repentant She coldbloodedly admits that she considers their marriage to be purely a business affair. Sammy calls Manheim and asks him to come over to his place immediately. Once there, Manheim for the first time witnesses a self-conscious, desperate, and suffering Sammy Glick who cannot stand being alone in his big house. In the end, Sammy orders Sheik to get him a prostitute, while Manheim drives home.

Cubism as a Modern Movement

Midterm Essay Exam Analytical & synthetic substance Cubism and Modern imposture Analytical Cubism, invented by Pablo Picasso and Georges Baroque, is the wileistic manner of creating shapes and details that represent an quarry or person. Braques Violin and p each(prenominal)ette (Figure 1 below) is a great pillowcase of Analytical Cubism. Baroque took an reject, the violin, and broke it down into a series of shapes that scarcely represent what a violin is from multiple points of thought care for. l no long-dated believe in anything. Objects dont exist for me except in so f cunninghest as a rapport exists between them r between them and myself.When bingle attains this harmony, one reaches a sort of intellectual non-existence what I can more thanover describe as a state of peace which makes everything possible and right. spirit then becomes a perpetual revelation. That is true poetry, Georges Baroque. Figure 1, Georges Braques Violin and Palette Synthetic Cubism, also d eveloped by Pablo Picasso and Georges Baroque, slowly got developed with analytical cubism. They developed it by repeating analytic designs in their unravel thus generalizing the objects even more making them more metrically subterfugeificeless and flat.Collage was a huge p device of the synthetic style, replacing painted objects with the real object glues onto the canvas. Picasso heretofore Life with death chair Caning (Figure 2 below) is an small example of synthetic cubism. Synthetic cubisms employ of art made by artists combined with art made by manufacturer and is often give tongue to to be the rootage Pop cunning. In Cubism, in the end what was all-important(prenominal) is what one wanted to do, the intention one had. And that one can non paint, Pablo Picasso. Figure 2, Picasso Still Life with Chair Caning Their ar quite a some distinct differences between Analytical and Synthetic Cubism.The first and most germane(predicate) being the use of collage in synthet ic but not in analytic cubism. For example instead of Picasso painting the chair lambaste into the painting of his Still Life with Chair Caning, he simply devoted it onto the the picture as if it belonged onto the canvas. Compare that to how Baroque made the violin in Violin and Palette, everything is painted onto the picture and is somewhat recognizable as the object from which it represents. Analytical Cubism still had an element of three dimensionality whereas Synthetic Cubism lost all sense of three dimensional space and was Just two dimensional and flat.Analytical Cubism also involved using muted colors so the think was on composition and the change of perspective while Synthetic Cubism apply bright colors as well as graphics, words, and other media. Synthetic Cubism also had much more distinct geometrical patterns and textures. Analytical Cubism pave the flair ultra current art breaks traditionalistic meaner of how things are represented. It abandons perspective and dis penses with veridical enduring of figures and objects and replaces that by making representational shapes in the composition. Background is commix into foreground.Synthetic Cubism paved the way for Pop Art using other media base matter and integrating it into the composition. Cubism paved the way for geometric abstract art by putting an entirely new emphasis on the atomic number 53 between the depicted scene in a picture, and the surface of the canvas. Its innovations would be taken up by the likes of Piety Mandarin, who continued to explore its use of the grid, its abstract system of signs, and its shallow pace, (Wolf). Cubism was the first step of modern art towards abstraction. Cubism focused on developing a way of viewing that reflected the modern age.Technological advances lead to the rise of this new style, with the invention of cars, planes, cameras, phones, sound recording and cinematography, artists need a new way of conveying these objects and advances. Cubism directl y influenced Futurism, Vortices, Supremacist, Constructivism, and Expressionism. Modern arts while period includes approximately from the sasss to the sasss, cubism takes place in the early sasss so it go into his time frame. Modern art is art that usually dissociates the traditional style of art and experimenting with new ways of seeing the world around them.Modern art moves away from the narrative and becomes more and more abstract. This clearly fits into the cubist crusade the Picasso and Baroque created. The concept of Modern Art is based on the modern thought, character, and practice of Modernism. It developed from the rise of industries, rapid growth of city life, and first world war. Modernism reflects the rise of the changes in traditional thinking that were considered to be outdated, these include art, architecture, literature, religion, social structure, and daily life.This change in thinking resulted in the the gradual change to modern art and modernism. Both forms of cubism, analytical and synthetic, wed this practice. Seeing everyday life and lifes objects and figures in a new way is what cubism is. Braques violin in Violin and Palette and Picasso Still Life with Chair Caning show this style of thought process. Braques violin shows every view point and angle of a violin all at the akin time, challenging the idea of traditional thinking.All of the above mentioned subjects reflect on how twain analytical and synthetic cubism are a part of the modern run and how the two are different from each other. They both challenge traditional thinking and art by changing the way the world is seen and what art can be. The differences between the two include execution, the use or neglect of collage, and the color schemes involved in both. Analytic cubism doesnt use collage techniques, has a muted color palette, and is more three dimensional. Synthetic cubism uses collage techniques, has more a more vibrant lour palette, and is very two dimensional.Both ar e a part of modernism and both heavily influenced many of the art movements that appeared later in the modern art era. Cubism came about because, in the process of analyzing form, something that lay in the form, a plane, could be lifted out to bobble on its own Joseph Plackets). Graphic Champs De Mars La Tour Rouge. Robert Delaney Bibliography Baroque, Georges. Cubism Art Quotes. Picasso, Pablo. Cubism Art Quotes. Plackets, Joseph. Cubism Art Quotes. Wolf, Justine. 2012. The Art Story Foundation.

Creation and Aspects of a Product Plan

INTRODUCTION Origin of the Report As we ar doing sell Management, our course instructor Prof. Dr. Mijanur Rahman has instructed us to prep atomic number 18 a paper on the harvesting plan. Purpose To get a clear concept how to get under ones skin the convergence plan To acquire knowledge how to make mission, vision, commercializeing conflate etc. Limitations 1. We did non collect the current information related with our yield. 2. We had to split up lot of times to collect information about competitors, merc clearise accompaniment because enough information non getable. look for Methodology Secondary meshing www. google. com , www. ekipidia . com, Source thedailystar. net new(prenominal) Collected information from trade report, magazines, course nakedspaper. 100 CURRENT MARKET SITUATION Today the chips market is dominated by Potato Crackers, Mr. Twist, prime(a), Cheese Ball, positions, Sun cow chips and other chips. We pass off out that, there is no high grapheme chip which is fitting for children health. But we found much normal category chips. Our increase character is to a greater extent high comparative degree to the other competitors, because our main ingredients is mushroom-shaped cloud cloud which is solely bleak flavor and mouthful and similarly work against for the rout outcer.So its a big gap that we find out. Our recent chips has been received a new market challenge to cope with them. At the genuinely beginning, our sale go forth be low, profit leave alone also be little. We hope that we allow be able to get the jump mover advantage, because there is no such merchandiseion especially for children health. 1. Market Description We know, the market bureau potential clients of a merchandise or service. Bangladesh is a highly live coun undertake. The birth rate is very high . As a go forth the children rate is also very high. We atomic number 18 non producing our harvesting not nevertheless for chil dren but also for teenagers, young generation.So our total stigma market is very large. Market demands of market will also increase as much we undersurface position in our customers mind. (All this figure atomic number 18 estimated depending on class and age to flummox an idea about demand on chips on this variables) This is our target market. We want to target children as well as young people of middle and high(prenominal) class of people. We are not eliminating lower class people but first we want to make up demand for our result accordingly we will try to take our product worth and serve to all class of people. 2. harvest-feast studyThe product quality is more high comparative to the other competitors, because our main ingredients is mushroom which is totally new flavor and render and also work against for the cancer. It is adapted for children health. It is highly r separatelyed by Protein-15. 53%, Fat-20%,Saturated fat-1. 42%, Carbohidrated-2. 45%, Sugar-2. 40%, Energy-100gm, Colastrol-0%, Sodiam-. 64%, which is very much essential for specially kids and young age people. 1. 3 Price Price aims are set for launching our product for our targeted customers. 4. hoggish taxationWe want to scram 960000 of products in our first step of production. Depending on increasing demand rate, we will increase our production rate over a month. Every family, we will increase our 10% of production. We will observe the gross revenue and satisfaction levels of our customers through our gross revenue representatives. Our Product will sale only in Urban and t accept lieu flying fields of Bangladesh, thats wherefore we are not distributing and sales product in rural areas because our price level is bit high. afterwards increasing our product demand and sales, we will try to reduce our terms of production.As a result, we reduce our product price and distributed in rural areas in Bangladesh. 5. Gross margin We have a coarse competition in our market. 1s t year we want to pee-pee colossal demand by good quality ad and onward motional activities to create position in our customers mind. As a result, we judge low gross margin for 1st year, it will be just cover the icy asset. 2nd year, we will try to sale more and more and reduce the toll of goods sold. It will increase our gross margin. 1. 6 Profit We expect earning profit within 2 years.Before that we will try to cover our intractable costs and make break even points of sales. 1. 6 Distribution review Factory Warehouse Divisional warehouse Salesman Retailer Customer Our grind situated at Tongi in Gazipur. After producing our products it will store in our own warehouse Mirpur. From this warehouse products are distributed 6 divergences by our own transport and then storing these goods in divisional warehouse. Then our trained salesman distributes our products in the market to the retailer. And finally retailers sell it to the ultimate customer. 1. 7 Competitive criticism 1. 7. 1 Potato Crackers Potato Crackers is a very popular snack prepared with combination of wheat, starch together with potato. It is a light, crispy snack and less oily. It has an average food measure and is available with spicy tomato flavor. Ingredients Potato pulverise, Potato Starch, Wheat flour, Re lovelyd veggie Oil and flavorer. 1. 7. 2 Cheese Ball Cheese Ball is an extruded product made from corn and rice and coated with rich cheese powder.It is vivid in taste and whateverthing to be enjoyed all the time. Ingredients Corn, Rice, Salt, Vegetable Oil, Cheese Powder & Seasoning. 1. 7. 3 Mr. Twist Mr. Twist is especially attractive to youngsters. This potato ground snack has a certain amount of modified or immanent starch to kick the bucket it a beautiful twisty shape and fine texture. Available with tomato paprika flavor. Ingredients Potato Powder, Modified Potato starch, indigenous Potato starch, Refined Vegetable Oil and seasoning. 1. 7. 4 Me dischargeian Ch ips Meridian Chips is especially attractive to all people.Total annual sales below US$1 Million. Export percentage 1% 10% per year. 1. 7. 5 Lays Lays is the make consult for a topic of potato chip (crisps) varieties as well as the name of the corporation that founded the chip grass in 1932. Lays chips have been marketed as a division of Frito-Lay, a comp whatever owned by PepsiCo since 1965. Other brands in the Frito-Lay grouping include Fritos, Doritos, Ruffles, Cheetos, Rold Gold pretzels, and Sun Chips. 2. 00 SWOT ANALYSISSWOT compendium is an of the essence(p) tool for auditing the overall strategic position of a affair and its environment. SWOT is an abbreviation for effectivenesss, Weaknesses, Opport social unities and Threats. Opportunities and threats are external factors. For example, an opportunity could be a developing distribution rut such as the Internet, or changing consumer lifestyles that potentially increase demand for a companys products. A threat could be a new competitor in an important existing market or a technological change that makes existing products potentially obsolete. Strength Weakness pic Technological skills pic New company pic Distribution channels pic absence seizure of importer skills pic Product quality pic Unreliable product pic Value delivery mesh pic Financial problem Opportunity Threats pic Changing customer taste pic Changes in disposal authorities pic Technological advances pic Acceptance the product pic Changes in regime politics pic Competitor rate high pic Availability of raw materials pic uncompromising rules and regulation 2. 1 Strength picWithout any touch of hand the product is made because of development of technological skills. pic There are some other military force of the company is distribution channels. Our distribution channel is very strong proportion of the supplier and resellers is very strong. picThe product quality is more high comparative to the other competitors, because our main ingredients is mushroom-shaped cloud which is totally new flavor and taste and also work against for the cancer. picBecause of our good dealinghip with supplier, reseller and for the good transportation speediness our sale will be definitely increases. Our value delivery net profit is in strong position. We are having good relationships with our suppliers for a longer terminus of time. 2. 2 Weakness pic Although the company is new, it has not established a brand or images in the market place this is the weakness for the product popularity. pic Because of the new product and company importer skills are absence here thats why we cant includes any internal facilities. pic For the first time the mushroom is exit in the market thats why people cant properly reliable to the product quality. pic Financial problem is another weakness of the company like what will be the price salute and investment. pic Quality of the mushroom is not up to mark. 2. 3 Opportunity picIt s an available product but of the new version of taste and quality create a new change of the customer taste. picFor the technological changes and advances its easier to give any information and packagingal activities to know the product popularity to the people. picIf the government changes politics then it will be easy to access the product to the market. picAvailability of the raw materials is increasing day by day which is attend to produce more products. 2. 4 Threats picIf government is increase the taxes and the political issues are not favor then it will be the threats for the company. picThe product may not be accept to the people then it will be the bulky threats for the company. picThe product competitor rate is very high thats why sometimes we are facing many competing problem, which can be a threats of the company picCompany establishment rules and regulation is strict thats why sometimes to take any easy decisions are create complicated situations. version of oppor tunities and threat The usefulness of SWOT compendium is not limited to profit-seeking organizations.SWOT analysis may be used in any decision-making situation when a desired objective has been defined. If the raw materials are available to the market then the cost of the raw materials will be reduced then we can produce more product in minimum price, and if the government politics are favor then the supply of the product and the transportation cost will be reduced. These products have new taste and a new ingredient which is changes the customer taste. We have to overcome the threats. If the product is not the accepted to the peoples, then we have to increase our promotional activities to attract the peoples and create more differentiations better than our competitors. 3. 0 OBJECTIVES AND ISSUES 3. 1 Financial objectives Achieve first year total sales revenue of Tk. 48,00000, based on average price of Tk. 14 per unit. But first tercet month we cannot achieve any profit because in that time we invest lot of money for sales promotion campaigns, electronic trade channelise, provide mini pack pattern to the selected customer. Produce net profits of Tk. 9,60000 close year with a target profit margin of 20 percent on total sales. Marinating a significant research and development budget. Increasing production level each month by 1 % Investing more in culture Of mushrooms. Establish 3 Big factory for producing large amount of product 3. 2 merchandising Objectives Achieve a first year unit sales volume of 1,15,20,000 which represents a projected market share of 10 percent with one type in product line. Increase plunk for year share to 15 percent, based on sales of trey types in product line. Generate 30 percent brand sentiency within the consumer target market and 40 percent brand knowingness within the business target market by end of next year. We want to be no. 1 Chips Company in Bangladesh. After one month, we are collecting our sales review and s atisfaction level of our customers. Diversification in our product line. We want to create social value for position in customers mind. 3. 3 Issues Our new brand of chip that is Mushroom chips is completely un cognize into the existing market.So, our major issue is to establish a well-regarded brand name linked to a meaningful positioning. We will have to invest heavily in marketing to create an excellent, distinctive brand image projecting innovation, quality, and value. We also must measure awareness and resolution so that we can adjust our marketing efforts if necessary. 4. 0 MARKETING system 4. 1 Market segmentation Geographic divisions and district town side areas such as Dhaka, chittagoan, Rajshahi, Sylhet, Barishal, Khulna . Dhaka (gazipur district -town side) Demographic Age-5-12, 12-18, 18-24, 24 to others and higher class, middle class of people. Product related Regular customers Irregular Customers damaging customers 2.Target market Children Young people Peopl e Middle class and higher class urban areas people 4. 3 Positioning To children, young people, chips customers who are seeking for delicious taste with alimentation . Mushroom chips contains mushroom that gives you taste with good nutrition because it has the highest level of Protein-15. 53%, Fat-20%, Saturated fat-1. 42%, Carbohidrated-2. 45%, Sugar-2. 40%, Energy-100gm, Colastrol-0%, Sodiam-. 64% 4. 4 Differentiation Mushrooms are good sources nutrition and this is our main ingredients. Top of Form Bottom of Form 4. 5 Marketing mix Marketing mix consist of four basic things which is known as four Ps roduct, price, place, promotion under the consideration of our product (Mushroom Chips) These four Ps are specified as 4. 5. 1 Product The Mushroom chips, including all the features described in the product review constituent. The product is very healthy and a better quality compare to our competitors. Mushroom Chips (Burke) Recipe By Cooking with David Burke Serving Size 4 readin ess Time 000 Categories Amount Measure Ingredient Preparation Method 1 pound large smidgee mushrooms Or Portobello mushrooms 2 cups clarified butter OR vegetable oilCoarse salt OR cosher salt to taste Quality that we are first assure in our product. It is highly reached by Protein-15. 53%, Fat-20%,Saturated fat-1. 42%, Carbohidrated-2. 45%, Sugar-2. 40%, Energy-100gm, Colastrol-0%, Sodiam-. 64%, which is very much essential for specially kids and young age people. distributively and every demonstrate of the production is done by automatic machine. innovation is the factor that will often give a company its private-enterprise(a) edge. It is the totality of features that affect how a product looks and functions in term of customer requirements. Feature leads to the materials which are used in production for making the product. kinglike industries used Mushroom powder, Mushroom starch, and Wheat flour, Refine vegetable oil, Seasoning and Potato powder for producing the chi ps. The top instruction of the Regal Industries has decided to give a brand name to new product as Mushroom Chips. Packaging which gives an extra attractiveness to any particular product. Thats why we also design a packet for Mushroom Chips. The whole box process will be done without any kind of hand touch in an automatic machine. 4. 5. 2 Price The Regal mushroom chips will be introduced at tk. 14 wholesale and tk. 15 estimated retail price per unit. We know that the price is much higher than the other Chip present in the market but it will give a high quality.We expect to lower the price of packets within few months. Because of the first time at market the company would like to give some dis calculation to the retailers which will make them some profit. The company is also large some credit terms facilities to their wholesaler and retailers. 4. 5. 3 Promotion The management of Regal Industries has budgeted tk. 1,80,000. 00 for their advertising and promotion activities for per m onth. As a new product in the market it needs huge amount of advertising and promotion activities to tell the consumer about the product and its features. For that reason management decide to go for more fancy advertise in Television, Radio, Billboards, and Web site and in News paper.The policy makers has decide to offer different types of popular animated cartoon and super hero characters stickers and tutus with per packet of Regal Mushroom chips for Childs and purchase intensive to the wholesale and retail for sell promotion. By organizing Charity concert, Open concert, Sports tournament, truth shows etc Regal Industries would like to build a good relation whit people in near prox. 4. 5. 4 Place At the very beginning Regal Mushroom Chips will distribute to the town area of 6 divisions across the country with companies own transport system. By considering the future demand it has planned to distribute in the whole country area.For unforeseen future demand it always kept suffici ent amount of inventories in its own warehouse. 4. 6 Marketing Communication Strategy By integrate all messages in all media, we will reinforce the brand name and the main points of product differentiation. Research about media consumption patterns will help our advertising agency choose appropriate media and timing to reach prospects before and during product introduction. The agency will also coordinate public relations efforts to build the brand and support the differentiation message. To attract, retain, and motivate channel partners for a push strategy, we will use trade sales promotions and personal selling to channel partners.Until the brand has been established, our communications will encourage purchases through channel partners. Our distribution channel is quite different from other chips because our main target consumers are the upper class and upper middle class people, who are Not usually concerned about the television advertisement because they are more cautious abou t the product quality. 4. 7 Marketing Research Using research, we are identifying the specific features and benefits that our target segments value. Feedback from market tests, surveys, and focus groups will help us develop the Regal Mushroom Chips brand. We are also measuring and analyzing customers attitudes toward competing brands and products.Brand awareness research will help us pick up the effectiveness and efficiency of our messages and media. Finally, we will use customer satisfaction studies to try market reaction. 4. 8 Marketing Organization Chief marketing officeholder holds overall responsibility of all the companies marketing activities. Company has also three top level autobus for advertisement part , sales department and promotion department . And under sales manager company has half-dozen divisional sales manager . They are responsible for divisional sales increasing. Marketing Organization Abdur Rahman Chief Marketing Officer 5. 0 carry through PROGRAM Our co mpany Regal Company will be introduced in February 2011.Following are summaries of the action programs we will during the first three months to achieve our stated objective. January We will initiate a Tk. 300000 trade sales promotion campaigns to organize retailers and generate excitement for the product launch in February. We will express electronic trade show, provide mini pack sample to the selected customer. Our promotion manager is responsible for this work. February We will start an integrated print, radio and media advertisement targeting consumers. This advertisement will show our products differentiation from other competitor. Advertisements also show our products feature to the ultimate customer. Our Advertisement manager is responsible for those works.March As the multimedia system campaigns continue, we will add consumers sales promotion techniques such as giving scratch card and lottery etc. Our sales manager is responsible for this type of sales increasing techniqu es. 6. 0 FINANCIALS PROJECTIONS In this section we make expected budget of sales and cost monthly and yearly. We count breakeven point unit sales. We also present our expected sales revenue and profit. Our product per unit cost is 13. 5 Tk. And wholesale price is 14 Tk. And Maximum retail price is 15 Tk. Expected Sales calculate Division Monthly Yearly unit toon Unit Cartoon Dhaka 5,00,000 5,000 60,00,000 60,000 Chittagong 2,00,000 2,000 24,00,000 24,000 Barisal 70,000 700 8,40,000 8,400 Sylet 80,000 800 9,60,000 9,600 Rajshai 50,000 500 6,00,000 6,000 Khulna 60,000 600 7,20,000 7,200 Total 9,60,000 1,15,20,000 Expected cost Budget event of Cost Monthly(TK) Yearly(Tk. ) Variable 1,10,40,000 13,24,80,000 Fixed 20,00,000 2,40,00,000 Total 1,30,40,000 15,64,80,000 Per Unit Cost Per unit Cost = (Fixed cost + Variable cost) Unit Production 2, 40, 00,000 + 13, 24, and 80,000) = 1, 15, 20,000 = 13. 5 Tk. Break-even Unit Sales (Yearly) Per Unit Sales 14 Tk. Per Unit Var iable Cost 11. 5Tk Per Unit Contribution 2. 5Tk. Fixed expense Now, B E S in Unit = Per Unit Contribution 2, 40, 00,000 = 2. 5 = 96, 00,000 unit. Expected gross (Yearly) Sales (1, 15, 20,000* 14) 16, 12, 80,000 Variable Cost 13, 24, 80,000 gross 2, 88, 00,000 Expected Profit (Yearly) Revenue 2, 88, 00,000 -) Fixed expense 2, 40, 00,000 Profit 48, 00,000 7. 0 IMPLEMENTATION CONTROLS The witnesslerling process In the control Process, we will compare our total result with the expected things that we are mentioned. If there is mistakes then take necessary steps to control the overall process. There will be two way of controlling. iodine is operational control and second one is strategic control. Operational control If any changes occurred to our production process, then it will be done by operational control. Strategic control If any changes occurred into strategic plan than it will be done by strategic control.Market Audit We will pack a market audit or researcher to evaluate our ma rketing plan and give advices how to improve in operational control, strategic plan, others plans. executing Plan The following identifies the key activities that are critical to our marketing plan. It is important to accomplish each one on time and on budget. Online advertising, which cost BDT 50,000. Separate rack in shopping malls and the departmental stores, which costs BDT 200,000. Other advertising costs BDT 10,00,000. Event sponsorship, which costs BDT 300,000 References 1. http//trade. coa. gov. tw/showProduct. do? isTemp=false&rid=2465&lang=e&showMenu=true 2. http//www. recipesource. com/fgv/vegetables/mushrooms/00/rec0053. html 3. ttp//www. malaysiabest. net/2006/03/06/snacks-mushroom-chips/ 4. http//ihor5. freeyellow. com/mushchip. htmlpicpicpic 5. http//banglapedia. search. com. bd/HT/M_0416. htm 6. http//www. mushroomlovers. com/Health. htm pic Md. saley uddin , Reasonal Sales manager, Chittagong Ms. Sabrina Azam, Reasonal Sales manager, Sylet. Mr. Rafique Khan, R easonal sales manager, Rajshahi. Md. Jahidul Islam, Reasonal Sales manager, Khulna Ms. Sayla Zaman , Reasonal Sales manager, Barisal. Md. Azad, Reasonal Sales manager. Dhaka Ms. Bristi Rani publicise Manager Md. ,Hasan Mahamud,Promotion Manager Ms. Nancy Christina Sales manager